Clin Med. 2022;4(1):CIM-04-1042 | Open Access
Montgomery M, Smith GL, Burbidge SK3, DeSilva Jr D and Cooper DL
Background: The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic is attributable to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is attributed to the activation of multiple inflammatory pathways secondary to the interaction of virus and host immune responses. 15% of patients over the age of 60 with COVID-19 require hospitalization. In addition, ICU admissions are as high as 5% of COVID-19 patients ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Mar 23, 2022 PDF
Clin Med. 2022;4(1):CIM-04-1041 | Open Access
Cooper DL and Maygar CW
Anxiety is an important medical problem and the most prevalent mental illness worldwide with Dental Anxiety (DA) recognized as the 5th leading cause of anxiety. Assigning a measure of anxiety to the individual patient has resulted in a large number of scoring protocols to be developed. In this article, we review the most commonly utilized general anxiety and dental anxiety ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated Jan 17, 2022 PDF
Clin Med. 2022;4(1):CIM-04-1040 | Open Access
Taghvaei Somayye, Saremi Leila and Motovalibashi Majid
The growth and progression of cancer are complex multi step processes that require transformed cells are colonized to distant locations. Degradation of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) and basement membrane by Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key steps in these processes. Invasion and metastasis are symptoms of cancer malignancy.
A family of enzymes called MMPs involves in cancer initiation and progression. Because, their ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated Jan 05, 2022 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(2):CIM-03-1039 | Open Access
Robert W Ike
Adoption by one specialty of a technique strongly identified with another never proceeds smoothly. A decision in the early 1980s by one of the movers and shakers of American Internal Medicine that rheumatologists should adopt arthroscopy involved this author as the spearhead of that effort. What follows is a recollection of how that went.
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EDITORIAL Updated Nov 20, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(2):CIM-03-1038 | Open Access
Cooper DL, Stephan R and Maygar CW
Background: Dental Anxiety (DA) may produce a vicious cycle where dental problems are not adequately serviced. Chronic non compliance with prescribed dental care and maintenance is associated ultimately with poor dental health. Current pharmacologic treatments such as benzodiazepines for DA are associated with poor efficacy and significant side effects.The anxiolytic effects of the most studied cannabinoid, cannabidiol (CBD) in ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Nov 11, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(2):CIM-03-1037 | Open Access
Serdar Epozdemir
Anesthesiologist plays a role in the recovery of the patient without any risk with the ideal anesthesia management, under the responsibility that the science of anesthesiology is not a preventive, protective, therapeutic method alone.
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EDITORIAL Updated Oct 14, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(2):CIM-03-1036 | Open Access
Pacifici GM
Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside and it is used for the treatment of supraventricular tachycardia, atrial flutter, and re-entrant arrhythmias. Digoxin may be administered orally or intravenously and the tablet oral bioavailability is 75%. The oral treatment of digoxin consists in a loading dose followed by a maintenance dose in infants and children and the loading and maintenance doses vary according ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated Sep 06, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(2):CIM-03-1035 | Open Access
Emhemmed Ali Elgallal, Inass A Sadawe, Abdelmonam Hadi Elghobassa, Abdulathim AA Alshoushan, Salah M Bensa, Jamal Ali M Elbakay, Nisreen H Meiqal, Massaud Salem Maamar, Anton Hermann and Abdul M Gbaj
Background and aim: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine helps to develop immunity to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in most cases preventing the disease. Although various brands of vaccines work in different modes, all COVID-19 vaccines prompt an immune reaction to make the body remembers how to protect from the virus in the future. The present study aims to ... Read more
SHORT COMMUNICATION Updated Aug 26, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(2):CIM-03-1034 | Open Access
Ekom Ndifreke Edem, Anthony Umo, Udeme Olayinka Olaniyan, Jane Nwanneka Anikpe
Tuberculosis (TB) is a public health problem worldwide, with the highest mortality and methods used for the laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis are continually evolving in order to achieve more rapid, less expensive, and accurate results. Though acid-fast staining and culture for mycobacteria remain at the core of any diagnostic algorithm, a 2-hour identification system for Mycobacterium tuberculosis is describe here. ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Jul 13, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(1):CIM-03-1033 | Open Access
Jyoti Upadhyay, William A Perkins, Joseph T Azzarello and Michael Carr
We present a novel case in which a PUV patient who had undergone a living-related renal transplant developed recurrent episodes of intermittent frank pyuria due to his native ureter. It ultimately developed into an iatrogenic megaureter impinging on the transplant structures. For such an immuno compromised patient, this unanticipated outcome leads to complications with clinical sequelae that may have jeopardized ... Read more
CASE REPORT Updated Apr 19, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(1):CIM-03-1032 | Open Access
Gabriel Miranda Nava, Maria Preciado and Luis Gallo
In December of 2019 a severe acute respiratory syndrome emerged in Wuhan and rapidly spread through China subsequently was declared a pandemic on March 2020. Transmission of this virus was linked to direct exposure to Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market of Wuhan Making. Common COVID 19 symptoms are cough (50%), fever (43%), myalgia (36%), headache (34%), dyspnea (29%), sore throat (20%), diarrhea (19%), nausea and vomiting (12%), anosmia and agnosia (10%) and abdominal ... Read more
PERSPECTIVE Updated Apr 06, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(1):CIM-03-1031 | Open Access
Basil Kadhim Abdallah Al Odda, Zardasht Bakr Mohammed, Dashti Latif Muhealddina, Khenda Muhammed Abdullah, Ali Omer Qadir, Rebwar Ahmed Shrif, Ghazi Ali Fakrealdeen, Zainab Basil Kadhim Al Odda and Ghada Basil Kadhim Al Odda
Background: A recent human’s pandemic of respiratory disease caused by a novel (new) corona virus that rapidly spreads in the community and may causing life threatening complications. All those exposed to it is at risk of becoming infected and getting COVID-19. Cancer patients may be more likely at risk to getting the infection and developing life threatening morbidity ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Mar 08, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(1):CIM-03-1030 | Open Access
Sundeep Chowdhry, Aparajita Lamba and Paschal D’ Souza
Hand Hygiene is one of the most effective and effective action one can take to reduce the spread of pathogens and prevent infections, including the COVID19 virus, which primarily spreads through droplets and contact transmission. Contact transmission involves the touching of the infected persons and/or contaminated objects or surfaces and hence hand hygiene plays a crucial role in this ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Feb 06, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2021;3(1):CIM-03-1029 | Open Access
Seun Ayoade
There’s been a lot of hubbub in the media about the emergence of new corona virus strains. I am no prophet of doom, but I predict that even more COVID virus strains will appear, including recombinant strains.
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EDITORIAL Updated Jan 22, 2021 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(2):CIM-02-1028 | Open Access
Syed Ali Abbas, Syeda Masooma Hamadani, Rizwan Zafar, Syed Maisam Abbas and Marilou Corpuz
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has affected humans globally with cases in the US rising every day. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to have multiple systemic manifestation, although primarily pulmonary but has been reported to have renal, cardiac, neurological and hepatic manifestation. Available evidence indicates that the most critical patients can develop ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated Dec 18, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(2):CIM-02-1027 | Open Access
Patrick William Chambers
Covid-19 has presented the world with a multitude of different clinical faces. To date their linkage eludes. This article attempts to establish linkage using recent research results regarding blood groups, clinical findings, cytokines, epidemiology, and the CD147 receptor, the orphan sister of ACE2. The role of the immune system controlled by the RAS and vitamin D is explored and recommendations ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated Dec 14, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(2):CIM-02-1026 | Open Access
Gao Cui-e, Liao Shi-Ming, Sun Hao and He Miao
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of malignant tumors treatment in Chongqing (main urban area) from 2017-2019.
Methods: We collected and analyzed the data of special medical insurance registration for malignant tumors (reflect malignanttumors treatment directly) in Chongqing (main urban area) managed by the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from 2017 to 2019.
Results: From 2017-2019, there were 20346, 23672, and 26765 cases of malignant tumors registered, ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Nov 18, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(2):CIM-02-1025 | Open Access
Lalisa M Gadisa
Background: Hypertension, taking the global first and third risk for the mortality and disease burden respectively, is recording an increment in Sub-Saharan Africa countries. This study aims to identify prevalence and its associated factor of Hypertension in the Assosa town.
Objective: To identify prevalence and factors associated with hypertension in the study area to increase its prevention and control methods.
... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Sep 04, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(2):CIM-02-1024 | Open Access
Viera Dorame Raul Fernando, Gallo Frias Luis Gilberto, Pimentel Diaz Alejandro Yamil, León Velázquez Teresita de Jesúsand Miranda Nava Gabriel
Observe and evaluate neurological preservation of patient in posterior position for surgical intervention asleep-awake-asleep craniotomy.
Material and methods: observational, retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive study, considered, as variables are database articles from PubMed and UPTODATE.
Clinical case study: The patient is a 57 year old hispanic male, whom arrives for a neurosurgery consultation at the Regional Military Hospital of Specialties ... Read more
CASE REPORT Updated Aug 27, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(2):CIM-02-1023 | Open Access
Michel Leclerc
The metamerization of the coelom leads to the axial complex genesis. Mesodermic cells appear besides the stone canal (larva 12 days old): they constitute the Axial Organ (AO) which develop, in the ventral side, the oral part (PO). This last part corresponds (sensu stricto) to the ancestral lymphoid organ.
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SHORT COMMUNICATION Updated Aug 20, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(2):CIM-02-1022 | Open Access
Usha Singh, Rishila Majumder and Jyotiranjan Swain
Advances in our understanding of the structure and function of the lymphatic system have made it possible to identify its role in a variety of disease processes. Because it is involved not only in fluid homeostasis but also in immune cell trafficking, the lymphatic system can mediate and ultimately alter immune responses. Our rapidly increasing knowledge of the molecular control ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated May 03, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(1):CIM-02-1021 | Open Access
Dhana Ratna Shakya
Rapid worldwide spread of COVID-19 pandemic compelled soon to adopt many additional strategies including lockdown, and telephone help-line for health services. Here, we intend to review the observations made during 1 week psychiatry help-line service in a Teaching Hospital in eastern Nepal in lockdown period, and to reflect on remarkable findings with some lessons.
It is an institute based period observation ... Read more
SHORT COMMUNICATION Updated May 01, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(1):CIM-02-1020 | Open Access
Karavdić K, Kafedžić A, Maksić H and Pilav I
Introduction: Gastrointestinal tract atresia is one of the most common causes of neonatal intestinal obstruction. Atresia represents discontinuity of a tubular organ, by definition. It represents one of the most common congenital anomalies of this organ system. Atresia can occur on any portion of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the most common locations are in the esophageal, jejunoileal and duodenal area. ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated May 01, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(1):CIM-02-1019 | Open Access
Shiv Lal Soni, Ajay Singh, Parul Gupta and Narender Kaloria
Patients with large thyroid mass may present in stridor requiring emergency tracheostomy. Securing the airway first with endotracheal tube before surgical tracheostomy is the preferred modality in these patients which may be challenging, especially in an emergency. We report the airway management of a 74-year-old female with thyroid malignancy presented with stridor and was unable to lie supine.
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CASE REPORT Updated Apr 30, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(1):CIM-02-1018 | Open Access
Orlova T and Terenetskaya I
Ultraviolet (UV) lamps are widely used in phototherapy, especially for the treatment of skin diseases. Although the positive effect of UV radiation is mainly associated with the synthesis of vitamin D in human skin, nevertheless, to avoid negative consequences, the determination of radiation doses is based on the erythemal activity of UV sources, and, as a rule, the initial doses ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Feb 20, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2020;2(1):CIM-02-1017 | Open Access
Athar Hameed Sheikh, Syed Imtiaz Ali, Azeem Mughal, Nadeem Iqbal, Ahsan Nazar, Mohammad Haroon Hassan, Behzad Saeed Gill and Muhammad Nazir
Background: The goal of renal stone treatment is to achieve maximal stone clearance with minimal morbidity. Extra Corporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) has revolutionized the treatment of kidney stone disease and majority of cases can be treated satisfactorily with this modality.
Objective: To determine the outcome of Extracorporeal Shock wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) in cases with renal calculi.
Material and ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Jan 02, 2020 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(3):CIM-01-1016 | Open Access
Nadeem Iqbal, Aisha Hasan, Usama Bin Saif, Ali Mohsin Choudhry, Ahsan Nazar, Mohammad Haroon Hassan, Saeed Akhter and Tanweer Bhatty
Angiomyolipoma (AML) is rare and benign lesions and they have been frequently reported in young or middle aged women. We here present an interesting case of an old lady that presented with gross hematuria episode in emergency. She ultimately underwent renal artery Angioembolisation and was successfully managed for Wunderlich syndrome.
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CASE REPORT Updated Dec 19, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(3):CIM-01-1015 | Open Access
Hernandez CH, Perez MS, Gonzalez DC and Escobar SH
Background: The prognostic importance of Perineural Invasion (PNI) in prostate cancer has been under continuous debate. The main goal of this article is to evaluate if the presence of perinerual invasion in a prostate biopsy (bPNI) or in the radical prostatectomy specimen (pPNI) would be as useful as the classic prognostic markers to improve the classification of patients with localized ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Oct 26, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(3):CIM-01-1014 | Open Access
Kemal Tolga Saracoglu and Ayten Saracoglu
The Vortex approach is a method applicable to all airway crisis scenarios and originates from Australia. Vortex is simple enough to teach all employees andcreates a common mental model. It supports teamwork during crisis by having the potential to improve decisionmaking.
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COMMENTARY Updated Oct 25, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(3):CIM-01-1013 | Open Access
Aamir Jalal Al Mosawi
Townes Brocks syndrome is a very rare genetic syndrome with 129 well-documented patients reported in the medical literature. Townes Brocks syndrome has not been reported before in Iraq. The main aim of this paper is to describe the first case of this syndrome in Iraq which seems to be case number 130.
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CASE REPORT Updated Oct 23, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(3):CIM-01-1012 | Open Access
Liangrong Wang, Baihui Chen and Xiyue Zhao
We present a case of harlequin syndrome after thoracic epidural anesthesia following Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for liver tumor. The patient under combined epidural and general anesthesia developed reversible, well-demarcated, dextral facial erythema and sweating after surgery, which was accompanied by sudden changes in heart rate and blood pressure. This harlequin feature was due to sympathetic nervous system’s thermoregulatory ... Read more
CASE REPORT Updated Oct 03, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(3):CIM-01-1011 | Open Access
Ayten Saracoglu, Didem Gungor, EsraSirzai, BedrettinYildizeli, Mustafa Yuksel and ZuhalAykac
Background and Aim: Antithrombotic agents are often discontinued 5 to 10 days preoperatively in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery to avoid perioperative bleeding, though discontinuation may also increase the risk for stent thrombosis, myocardial ischemia or infarction, and sudden death. In the present study we aimed to determine the incidence of thrombotic complications that may be associated with preoperative discontinuation of ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Oct 03, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(2):CIM-01-1010 | Open Access
Khaled Alqoaer*, Ziad Asaad and Maisa Halabi
Transaldolase TALDO deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the pentose phosphate pathway. It has variable presentations with poor outcome when present early in life. We present a young Saudi infant with a fatal early presentation of TALD deficiency.
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CASE REPORT Updated Aug 23, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(2):CIM-01-1009 | Open Access
Gozde Ozturk, Emre Can Melek, Alican Otegen, Bedirhan Kahraman, Can Ilgin, Tevfik Yoldemir and Ayten Saracoglu
Background: In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment is an assisted reproductive technique applied in infertile couples. According to World Health Organization reports, infertility affects 50 to 80 million women worldwide. The hopelessness of patients treated with IVF determines the severity of anxiety. Although anxiety is functional up to a certain level, higher preoperative anxiety levels have been associated with increased anesthetic requirement. In ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Jul 30, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(2):CIM-01-1008 | Open Access
Noha Said Helal*
Prostatitis occurs in approximately 10% to 15% of men and is classified into four categories: acute bacterial, chronic bacterial, chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and asymptomatic. A brief summary of non-neoplastic lesions of the prostate are discussed in the report.
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MINI REVIEW Updated Jul 30, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(2):CIM-01-1007 | Open Access
Vivianne Teixeira Duarte Valério, Susy Ricardo Lemes, Maria do Rosário Ferraz Roberti, Marcelo Leandro Valério, Flávia Melo Rodrigues, Nelson Jorge da Silva Junior and Paulo Roberto de Melo-Reis
Aim: The present study evaluated acute transfusion reaction in the University Hospital of Goias between January to June 2014.
Methods: We performed data collection through two different ways. Firstly by an active search for evidence of acute transfusion reaction in transfusion and medical records and secondly by spontaneous reporting.
Results: The rate of ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Jul 13, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(2):CIM-01-1006 | Open Access
Nadine Amine, Cindy Zheng, Harshvir Kaur, Jessica Sweeney, Mark Mikail, Heba A. Eassa and Mohamed Ismail Nounou
Purpose: To draw attention to the possible adulteration, counterfeit and safety concerns related to ultraceuticals.
Methods: We investigated the top ten male enhancement ultraceuticals sold online on Alibaba, General Nutrition Centers, eBay, and Amazon as an example of misbranded, mislabeled products with unverified therapeutic claims.
Results: It was found that title and description of ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated Jul 05, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(1):CIM-01-1005 | Open Access
Ayten Saracoglu, Kemal Tolga Saracoglu and Beliz Bilgili
Evidence-based scientific data is not enough to conclude the ideal anesthetic technique in liver transplantation. Both total intravenous anesthesia and volatile agents are used. Volatile anesthetic agents cause a reduction of hepatic blood flow. Compound A can be hepatotoxic by transient increase in postoperative liver function tests. Besides, the effect of volatile anesthetics on the incidence of post reperfusion syndrome ... Read more
REVIEW ARTICLE Updated Jul 02, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(1):CIM-01-1004 | Open Access
Lee Kwang Sig
EDITORIAL Updated Jun 07, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2019;1(1):CIM-01-1003 | Open Access
Afees Adebayo Oladejo, Funmilola Favour Anjorin,and Mary Abiola Okesola
Bridelia ferruginea leaf generally used in indigenous folk medicine for diverse purpose was evaluated scientifically to elucidate its anthelmintic and antioxidant activity of various fractions in vitro. Antioxidant properties of the fractions were evaluated using total phenol (mg/GAE g), total flavonoids (mg/QUE g), and ferric reducing ability (mg/g). The total antioxidant activities results indicated that, ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Apr 16, 2019 PDF
Clin Med. 2018;1(1):CIM-01-1002 | Open Access
Micah L Thorp
The rise of the Electronic Medical Record (EMR) has precipitated an avalanche of electronic data, often in discrete data fields that can be manipulated to construct clinically meaningful tools to aid in patient care.
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PERSPECTIVE Updated Nov 20, 2018 PDF
Clin Med. 2018;1(1):CIM-01-1001 | Open Access
Nor Hayati Othman
Background: This study was aimed to determine the trend and prevalence of thyroid goiter from 2006 to 2015 in Kelantan, one of the 14 states in Malaysia. Kelantan is noted to have highest incidence of thyroid cancer in West Malaysia.
Methods: The data of patients suffering from multinodular goiter (MNG) from 2006 to 2015 were retrieved from the record office ... Read more
RESEARCH ARTICLE Updated Apr 20, 2018 PDF